ENDVAW - February 2008
Contents
- New Research
- What we know about intimate partner violence in the Middle East and North Africa
- A qualitative study to examine school-related gender-based violence in Malawi
- The health of trafficked women: a survey of women entering posttrafficking services in Europe
- Identifying types of domestic violence and its associated risk factors in a pregnant population in Kerman hospitals, Iran Republic.
- Featured Resources
- The global gender gap report 2007
- Compendium on best practices on anti-human trafficking by law enforcement agencies
- Show us the money: Is violence against women on the HIV and AIDS donor agenda?
- Asylum is not gender neutral - EWL and Refugee Women's Resources Project (UK) Practical advocacy guide for protecting women seeking asylum
- Sudan - Displaced in Darfur: A generation of anger
- A deafening silence: Hidden violence against women and children
- Featured News
- UN Foundation issues challenge to eradicate violence against women
- Events
- International Conference on Sexual Assault, Domestic Violence, and Stalking
- Women's Worlds Congress 2008
- Creative Response
- Video: Turkey—Honor killings and suicide
- Video: Sunita: HIV-positive woman in India speaks out
- Poetry by Basanta Kumar Kar, CARE India
- Job Opportunity
- Position Title: Gender Integration Specialist-World Vision, Washington DC
I. New Research Articles
What we know about intimate partner violence in the Middle East and North Africa
Boy A | Kulczycki A. Violence Against Women. 2008 Jan;14(1):53-70.
POPLINE: 314043
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801207311860
Abstract:
Little is known about intimate partner violence in the Middle East and North Africa. This review synthesizes and critically evaluates the literature. Of 59 studies found, only 21 reported data on the prevalence of such violence or on beliefs regarding its justification, covering just 9 countries. Spousal abuse is pervasive and widely accepted. Victims are of all ages and are more likely to be rural and less educated. National data from Egypt and Jordan indicate almost 9 in 10 ever-married women accept at least one reason for wife beating. Change is possible but will require increased research, coalition building, and intervention efforts.
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The Safe Schools program: a qualitative study to examine school-related gender-based violence in Malawi
Centre for Educational Research and Training [CERT], 2008 Jan. [102] p.
POPLINE: 323698
http://devtechsys.com/services/activities/documents/SafeSchoolsMalawi_PLAReport_January82008.pdf
This document summarizes the results of a participatory learning and action (PLA) research activity conducted in Malawi’s Machinga District to help raise awareness, involvement, and accountability at national, institutional, community and individual levels of school-related gender-based violence. Key findings include: the concept of gender-based violence is not clearly understood , boys and girls are victims as well as perpetrators of gender-based violence, corporal punishment is the most commonly cited form of physical abuse in schools, absenteeism and dropping out are common outcomes of gender-based violence in schools, and with strong leadership reporting systems can be effective. The study was conducted in October and November 2005 by DevTech Systems, Inc. and the Centre for Educational Research and Training through the USAID-funded Safe Schools Program.
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The health of trafficked women: a survey of women entering posttrafficking services in Europe
Zimmerman C | Hossain M | Yun K | Gajdadziev V | Guzun N
American Journal of Public Health. 2008 Jan; 98 (1) :55-59
POPLINE: 314039
http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2006.108357
Trained counselors interviewed 192 women who had been trafficked and sexually exploited about abuse and evaluated their physical and mental health status within 14 days of entry into posttrafficking services. Most reported physical or sexual violence while trafficked (95%), pre-trafficking abuse (59%), and multiple posttrafficking physical and psychological problems.
Newly identified trafficked women require immediate attention to address posttrauma symptoms and adequate recovery time before making decisions about participating in prosecutorial or immigration proceedings or returning home.
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Identifying types of domestic violence and its associated risk factors in a pregnant population in Kerman hospitals, Iran Republic.
Salari Z | Nakhaee N
Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health. 2008 Jan; 20 (1) :49-55.
POPLINE: 323788
http://aph.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/20/1/49
The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of different kinds of physical and emotional violence in an Iranian pregnant population and to examine its associated risk factors. This cross-sectional study was done from March through July 2005 in the 4 main hospitals of Kerman, Iran, which had maternity units. In total, 416 out of 460 women who were asked to participate agreed to be interviewed, a 90.4% response rate. All respondents were interviewed privately during the first 48 hours after delivery. The mean age (} SD) was 28.0 } 5.6, and all were married. Most of the women were urban residents (89.2%), and the majority of them were
multiparous (78.8%). Nearly 16% of mothers said the pregnancies were unintended. In total, 35% (95% confidence interval: 30%-40%) of women had experienced 1 or more episodes of emotional violence during the pregnancy inflicted by their husbands, and 106 women (25%; 95% confidence interval: 21%-30%) had experienced at least 1 episode of physical violence. The highest odds of domestic violence during pregnancy was associated with unintended pregnancies (odds ratio: 7.66; 95% confidence interval: 3.45-16.99) and multiparous pregnancies (odds ratio: 6.88; 95% confidence interval: 3.46-13.68). Considering the high prevalence of different types of domestic violence during pregnancy, it should be regarded as a priority for health policy experts in Kerman and possibly Iran.
II. Featured Resources
The global gender gap report 2007
Hausmann R | Tyson LD | Zahidi S. Geneva, Switzerland, World Economic Forum, 2007. 160 p.
POPLINE: 323005
http://www.weforum.org/pdf/gendergap/report2007.pdf
Excerpt:
Gender-based inequality is a phenomenon that affects the majority of the world's cultures, religions, nations and income groups. Yet there are differences in the way gender disparities manifest themselves and how they have evolved over time. It is vital to develop frameworks for capturing the magnitude of these disparities in order to design effective measures for reducing them. A challenge that can be measured can be addressed. The Global Gender Gap Index, introduced by the World Economic Forum last year, is one such framework. It aims to be a tool for benchmarking and tracking global gender-based inequalities on economic, political, education and health-based criteria. The country rankings are meant to serve a dual purpose. They are designed to create greater awareness among a global audience of the challenges posed by gender gaps and the opportunities created by reducing them. It is also hoped that the rankings, together with the detailed country profiles, will serve as a catalyst for change by providing policy-makers with a snapshot of their country's relative strengths and weaknesses of their country's performance compared to that of other nations.
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Compendium on Best Practices On Anti Human Trafficking By Law Enforcement Agencies
UN Office of Drugs & Crime, Government of India, 2007
http://www.ungift.org/docs/ungift/pdf/knowledge/compendium_practices.pdf
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SHOW US THE MONEY: IS VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN ON THE HIV & AIDS DONOR AGENDA?
International funding bodies downplay the links between HIV and violence against women
S. Fried. Women Won't Wait, 2007
POPLINE: 316352
http://www.womenwontwait.org/images/stories/Show%20Us%20The%20Money%20Full%20Report.pdf
This research report from the Women Won’t Wait Campaign highlights the lack of priority given to tackling gender-based violence against women by the major international HIV funding organisations. The research found that the funding bodies continue to treat violence against women as a supplementary issue rather than as something integral to all aspects of their work on HIV. Funding for programmes which combat gender-based violence is a separate stream and these initiatives have not benefited from the increase in funding for HIV programmes in the last number of years. It is very difficult to track the exact amount of money the major funding bodies are devoting to these initiatives and difficult to hold them accountable on this issue.
The report recommends that these institutions develop a clear policy framework that gives priority to violence against women and girls, and the link with HIV. These bodies should begin to encourage collaboration between groups working on violence against women and those working on HIV, and develop links between the HIV and the sexual health and reproductive rights sectors. The report also recommends that the funding bodies should create a specific mechanism for measuring work that addresses violence against women in all HIV action plans, and should support research to increase the level of knowledge on the links between gender-based violence and HIV.
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Asylum is not gender neutral - EWL and Refugee Women's Resources Project (UK) Practical advocacy guide for protecting women seeking asylum
European Women's Lobby - EWL
http://www.womenlobby.org/SiteResources/data/MediaArchive/Publications/migrant-final_en.pdf
The complexities of gender-related claims as well as factors such as lack of gender sensitivity among decision-makers and women's difficulties in speaking about sexual violence or sexuality create additional difficulties for women when they claim asylum. Therefore, it is vital that officials examining asylum understand the nature of gender-specific persecution and enable women to access asylum procedures.
EWL and Refugee Women's Resources Project Asylum AID (UK) have published a lobbying tool to assist organizations working on women's rights, asylum/refugee rights, human rights, lesbian and transgender rights to monitor the transposition into national law of two vital European Directives which directly impact on women's rights to asylum, namely the Qualifications and Asylum Procedures Directives. The deadline to transpose this latter Directive is 1 December 2007. The lobbying tool shows how the UNHCR Gender Guidelines can provide a vital tool in the implementation process.
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Sudan - Displaced in Darfur: A generation of anger
Chapter 3. Women: The Ever-Present Danger of Rape
Amnesty International
http://www.amnesty.org/en/report/info/AFR54/001/2008
"Women who leave camps for internally displaced persons, to collect wood or go to market, are at risk of violent attack. Many have been raped."
"It was in May last summer (2007) when we left the camp. We were five girls, all friends about 13-16, to collect firewood...........
...Three men came, not in uniform, and came straight to us. ....I shouted to the rest of the girls to escape. When we started to run, we heard a gunshot and they shouted: 'Stop or we will shoot you all.' ....
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A deafening silence: Hidden violence against women and children
Patrizia Romito
https://www.policypress.org.uk/images/upload/readingroom/bm120_chapters_for_reading_room_0_76.pdf
This book is born of a contradiction: on the one hand, there has been a genuine advance in the awareness of violence against women and children and actions to oppose it. On the other, the violence persists and so does the counter-attack against those who seek to expose it.
Patrizia Romito's extraordinary book describes the links between discrimination, violence against women and violence against children and, uniquely, uncovers the strategies and tactics used for concealing it. Her analysis, corroborated by a solid theoretical framework as well as up-to-date international research data, powerfully reveals the interconnectedness of what might appear as separate events or measures. The book also demonstrates how the same tactics and strategies are at work in various different countries.
III. News
UN FOUNDATION ISSUES CHALLENGE TO ERADICATE VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
New York, Jan 22 2008 7:00PM The United Nations Foundation http://www.unfoundation.org/ UNF announced today that it will donate $1 dollar for each of the first 100,000 signatures to an online petition aimed at eliminating violence against women.
So far, 18,000 people from all over the world have added their names to the Internet campaign - called "Say NO to violence against women" and run by the UN Development Fund for Women http://www.unifem.org/ UNIFEM - since its launch last November.
"Thanks to this fantastic challenge grant, every signature will bolster our cause to make ending violence against women worldwide a top priority," said Nicole Kidman, actress and UNIFEM Goodwill Ambassador.
She added that the funds will go towards UN-backed local initiatives to prevent human trafficking, assisting survivors of domestic violence and helping to implement laws against rape.
The petition also hopes to generate support for the UN Trust Fund to End Violence against Women, which thus far has helped fun some 250 programmes in 120 countries.
"Each day, each hour, each minute, a woman in the world is a victim of violence," said Timothy E. Wirth, UNF President. "Taking this simple step, signing on to the campaign, sends the message that enough is enough and the cycle of violence must stop now."
UNF was created in 1998 with the aim of promoting a more peaceful, prosperous, and just world through the support of the UN. Through grant-making and building new and innovative public-private partnerships, it acts to meet the most pressing health, humanitarian, socio-economic and environmental challenges of the 21st century.
IV. Events
International Conference on Sexual Assault, Domestic Violence, and Stalking
March 31 to April 2, 2008, at the Crowne Plaza Astor Hotel in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Register now at http://www.evawintl.org/conferencedetail.aspx?confid=6
End Violence Against Women International provides effective, victim-centered, multidisciplinary training and expert consultation regarding crimes of sexual assault and domestic violence.
On-Line Training Institute, available now! http://www.evawintl.org/onlinetraining.aspx
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Women's Worlds Congress 2008
Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
3-9 July, 2008
CALL FOR PAPERS: DEADLINE FEBRUARY 28, 2008
You can apply for partial or total grants to participate in the Congress!
GRANT APPLICATION DEADLINE: Monday, February 4th, 2008
http://www.mmww08.org/archivos/File/CALLFORPAPERSENGLISH_1.pdf
V. Creative Response
TURKEY - HONOR KILLINGS & SUICIDES
VIDEO: http://womennewsnetwork.vodpod.com/video/621620-honor-killings-in-muslim-countries-iv?c=sort.latest
An honor killing is the murder of a woman for a supposed sexual, marital, or offense. The killing is typically done by her own relatives with the justification that her behavior has brought dishonor to the family. Unlike rage-induced murders, honour killings are usually planned in advance. In societies and cultures where they occur, such killings are often regarded as a private matter for the affected family alone, and the courts rarely become involved or prosecute the perpetrators." 2007 - Skynews Turkey.
THE UNITED NATIONS CRIMES OF HONOR UN RESOLUTION IS AVAILABLE IN 19 LANGUAGE TRANSLATIONS on the Reference Documents Subsite of the WUNRN Website: http://www.wunrn.com/reference/crimes_honor.htm
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INDIA -VIDEO - SUNITA: WIFE INFECTED WITH HIV BY HUSBAND
Sunita: HIV+ Woman in India Speaks Out
http://www.breakthrough.tv/product_detail.asp?proID=62
Sunita, an HIV+ woman living in India, was infected by her husband. With tears, she shares that her husband destroyed her life. Sunita has made the decision to move forward and educate others about this disease.
Breakthrough's new campaign, Is This Justice? highlights the social stigma many Indian women face after contracting HIV/AIDS from their husbands. In India, 5.2 million people are currently living with HIV of which 2 million are women, a majority of whom have contracted it from their husbands.
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Poetry by Basanta Kumar Kar, CARE India
Outcast
I cannot reconcile trauma,
sex, sleepless nights, sleeping partners
blood scar violence to a virgin.
Coaxing and cajoling
husbands, clients and customers
flesh and power the motive nurtured
transmitting death and disease they depart.
tired and exhausted,
I trade and profess, ethics of safe sex.
Blue visages listed in albums and catalogues
I am outcast.
Sellers increase, buyers bargain
clients observe swollen eyes
dry energy, smile deficiency syndrome
body can no longer parade
the most intimidating culture.
Children’s destitution, death premonition,
imperil each sexual act
can no longer satisfy the needs of the flesh
clients loose interest
I reduce rate, branded old fashioned.
I navigate risk after risk
envy at others love bonding
earn to tradeoff
preferring children’s nutrition to my prescription.
I am the mother.
I suppress and hide the scars
and smile at children and customers
anti retroviral drug provides the stimuli
I cherish to paint my lost love,
once, before the grave
on the body, the canvass.
(This is the story of a 30-year old woman who lives in an urban slum, Kalandhar Colony in Delhi. She got into sex work after losing her husband two years back. She has to support herself and her four children.)
Canvas
Abandoned by the roots, I spread my branches
in a struggle to touch the bees and butterflies
I dream
to change a life, of love and sanity.
The night is dark outside
the blue waves roar high
a tumultuous inside,
the heat of bodies rubbing each other
make them mad and wild.
I laugh loudly
haunting of past creep
untold stories echo in silence
the body pulsates slowly the odor of sweat fills air
the customer leaves in delight.
The warm bosom, field fertile
up on sale
hearts can be transacted
my body gives pleasure to men
I embrace pain as joy
my joy
is only sorrow of use and abuse.
I embrace the other
for him an embrace of relief
for me a serpent around my legs, hands
each, a kiss for dead as a routine
yet I sanction.
The inner war of chastity surges on
dignity redefined
buying the bond high risk
I romance in barter
the past burns
an alien tree stands away
Alas! I only manage to earn a living.
(This is young woman from Bilaspur in Chhattisgarh, India's story. She lost her parents in early childhood and has been since, forced into sex work)
VI. Job Opportunity
Position Title: Gender Integration Specialist-World Vision, Washington DC
Will position World Vision United States as a leader internationally in gender integration programming. Will also ensure a high level of program quality through performance monitoring, evaluation and reporting for this sector. Responsible for coordinating and mainstreaming women's empowerment & gender equity issues into World Vision United States’ core programming strategies and structures. Also ensures that programming places priority on advancing women's empowerment and gender equity in program strategies. Will link World Vision’s work within the global women's rights and gender equity efforts by coordinating with other women's rights organizations and recognized NGO leaders in this field. Will also support significantly the design and oversight of US government funded projects.
Required Experience:
Master's in International Development, Gender in Development, or other social science related field; PhD preferred. Advanced studies/research in women and gender studies preferred. At least 5 years of experience designing and leading gender mainstreaming in programming, program management systems, processes, and structures. At least 3 years previous work experience in developing country context required. Significant experience acquiring, managing, monitoring and evaluating US government funded grants.
Send CV and cover letter w salary history to: cbowers@worldvision.org
Who we are: World Vision (www.worldvision.org) is an international Christian humanitarian organization working alongside nearly 100 million people in almost 100 countries. Motivated by our faith in Jesus Christ, our vision is for every child, family, and community to reach their full potential by tackling the causes of poverty and injustice, and to experience fullness of life as intended by God.
Clark Bowers
Executive Recruiter | Employment | Human Resources
cbowers@worldvision.org
1495 N Santa Rosa Pl | Meridian, ID 83642 USA
World Vision | Building a better world for children | www.worldvision.org
The End Violence against Women (EndVAW) website was developed by the INFO Project to collect and share in one central location information on the latest research, tools, project reports, and communication materials produced in the worldwide struggle to end violence against women. We aim to especially cover the intersection of violence against women and subsequent effects of this violence on women's reproductive health. It is designed for researchers, health communication specialists, policy makers, and others. Visit us at: http://www.endvaw.org
To view archived newsletters or join our listserv, please visit: http://www.endvaw.org/enewsletter.php
For additional information please contact: endvaw@jhuccp.org
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